La "muscularidad del alma". Consideraciones epistemológicas sobre el proyecto de educación científica del carácter en la Inglaterra victoriana

María Luján Christiansen

doi:10.15174/orhi.v0i6.49

Autores/as

María Luján Christiansen Universidad de Guanajuato https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-4812

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15174/orhi.v0i6.49

Palabras clave:

caracterología, educación, corporalidad, Inglaterra victoriana, ciencia

Resumen

El presente artículo examina algunos aspectos del marco intelectual victoriano dentro del cual fermentó un peculiar entusiasmo por la educación científica del “buen carácter”, entendiendo que su formación no podía prescindir de los importantes aportes que las ciencias naturales estaban proponiendo con respecto a la salud del cuerpo y de su influencia sobre el bienestar psicológico. El objetivo principal de este estudio de caso es comparar los núcleos argumentales de dos modelos enfrentados en torno al ideal caracterológico: por un lado, un tradicional paradigma religioso-moral que concebía el cultivo del carácter en términos de la educación mental y espiritual; por otro, una impetuosa cosmovisión que pretendía secularizar la educación del carácter a través del análisis científico de cómo se debe formar la conducta siguiendo las leyes naturales. Algunas disciplinas como la fisiología mental, la psicofísica y la biología darwiniana serían, en tal sentido, instrumentos clave. La ruptura entre ambas perspectivas (religiosa-moral y científico-naturalista) no debería ser reducida a un mero cambio correctivo de teorías psicológicas. En lo profundo, dichos modelos remiten, como diría Thomas Kuhn, a “mundos distintos”.

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Biografía del autor/a

María Luján Christiansen, Universidad de Guanajuato

Doctora en Filosofía de la Ciencia por el Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas de la Univer- sidad Nacional Autónoma de México (2006). Magister en Filosofía de la Ciencia por el Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (2001). Licenciada en Filosofía por la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), 1995. Profesora-Investigadora Titular A, Tiempo Completo, del Departamento de Filosofía, Universidad de Guanajuato, donde fue coordinadora de la Maestría en Filosofía. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI 1), Perfil Deseable Prodep. Directora de proyectos de investigación y de tesis en los niveles de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado. Tiene publicaciones en el área de la historia, la filosofía de la ciencia así como en el terreno de la epistemología de la psiquiatría, la psicología y el psicoanálisis.

Citas

FUENTES

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